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The Turkish invasion of Cyprus launched on 20 July 1974, was a Turkish military invasion of the island country of Cyprus, which was carried out following the 1974 Cypriot coup d'état. The coup had been ordered by the military Junta in Greece and staged by the Cypriot National Guard〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Operation "Niki" 1974: A suicide mission to Cyprus )〕 in conjunction with EOKA-B. It deposed the Cypriot president Archbishop Makarios III and installed pro-Enosis Nikos Sampson.〔(BBC: Turkey urges fresh Cyprus talks ) (2006-01-24)〕 The aim of the coup was the annexation of the island by Greece and the Hellenic Republic of Cyprus was declared.〔''Strategic review, Volume 5'' (1977), United States Strategic Institute, (p. 48 ).〕〔Allcock, John B. ''Border and territorial disputes'' (1992), Longman Group, (p. 55 ).〕 In July 1974, Turkish forces invaded and captured 3% of the island before a ceasefire was declared. The Greek military junta collapsed and was replaced by a democratic government. In August 1974 further Turkish invasion resulted in the capture of approximately 40% of the island. The ceasefire line from August 1974 became the United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus and is commonly referred to as the Green Line. More than one quarter of the population of Cyprus (one-third of the Greek Cypriot population〔) was expelled from the occupied northern part of the island where Greek Cypriots constituted 80% of the population. A little over a year later in 1975, roughly 60,000 Turkish Cypriots, amounting to half the Turkish Cypriot population, were displaced from the south to the north.〔"1974: Turkey Invades Cyprus" BBC 2010. Web. Retrieved: 2 October 2010. The invasion's Turkish Armed Forces code name was Operation Atilla. Among Turkish speakers the operation is also referred as "Cyprus Peace Operation" () or "Cyprus Operation" (), considering that Turkey took military action on the pretext that the invasion can be considered a peacekeeping operation. ==Background== (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Turkish invasion of Cyprus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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